Sunan at-Tirmithiy كتاب النكاح باب ما جاء فى استئمار البكر والثيب

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِىُّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِى كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِى سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ تُنْكَحُ الثَّيِّبُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْمَرَ وَلاَ تُنْكَحُ الْبِكْرُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْذَنَ وَإِذْنُهَا الصُّمُوتُ. قَالَ وَفِى الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَائِشَةَ وَالْعُرْسِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ. قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الثَّيِّبَ لاَ تُزَوَّجُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْمَرَ وَإِنْ زَوَّجَهَا الأَبُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَسْتَأْمِرَهَا فَكَرِهَتْ ذَلِكَ فَالنِّكَاحُ مَفْسُوخٌ عِنْدَ عَامَّةِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِى تَزْوِيجِ الأَبْكَارِ إِذَا زَوَّجَهُنَّ الآبَاءُ فَرَأَى أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنَّ الأَبَ إِذَا زَوَّجَ الْبِكْرَ وَهِىَ بَالِغَةٌ بِغَيْرِ أَمْرِهَا فَلَمْ تَرْضَ بِتَزْوِيجِ الأَبِ فَالنِّكَاحُ مَفْسُوخٌ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ تَزْوِيجُ الأَبِ عَلَى الْبِكْرِ جَائِزٌ وَإِنْ كَرِهَتْ ذَلِكَ. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِىِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ.
The Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said, "ُA non-maiden is not to be married off until she voices her consent, and a maiden is not to be married off until she is asked for her consent; her consent is her silence [upon being asked]." Scholars agree that a non-maiden cannot be married off without her voiced consent. If her father marries her off without asking for her permission and she disapproves, then the marriage is void. Scholars disagree regarding the issue of maidens being married off by their fathers without their consent. Most of the scholars from Kufa, as well as other scholars, agree that if the father marries off a maiden who has reached [the age of] puberty without her permission and she disapproves of the match, then the marriage is void. Some scholars have said that the marrying off of a maiden by her father [without her consent] is permissible but it is considered reprehensible (1). Footnotes: (1) (makrūh) An act that is considered undesirable or offensive, yet is not forbidden. Although doing an undesirable act is not sinful, avoiding it is rewarded by God. Click on ḥadīth to read more